INTRODUCTION
As a part of World Heart Day(September 24th)the department of dietary has done a study on the Prevalence of CAD among patients in BPL(Below Poverty Line) based on their clinical findings, personal history ,life style and dietary pattern. The prevalence of CAD has progressively increased in India during the latter half of the last century, particularly among the urban population.Study Conducted during the month of Oct,Nov,Dec 2010.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES.
·
- To Identify the risk factors of CAD
- To have an insight into the prevalence of CA
- Modify the life style , faulty diet habits.
METHODOLOGY
The present study entitled on Prevalence of CAD among patients in Below Poverty Line based on their clinical findings, personal history ,life style and dietary pattern.All the patients who had been admitted in medical wards, ICCU and MICU were taken as the sample for the study during the months of October, November and December 2010.
RISK FACTORS
The risk of CAD in Indians is 3-4 times higher than White Americans, 6-times higher than Chinese, and 20-times higher than Japanese. The vulnerability of urban Indians to CAD
is possibly related to different nutritional, environmental, and life-style factors. The conventional risk factors namely hypertension ,diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertriglyceridaemia, low levels of HDL-C, central obesity, lipoprotein-a (Lp-a),high LDL-C, low levels of antioxidants (vitamin A, E, beta - carotene), rising affluence, rapid modernization associated with sedentary but stressful life-style in summation are suggested as additional risk factors for CAD. Smoking also increases the risk of CAD by 3-5 times.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Most patients diagnosed between the ages of 55 and 85years.in our study. We have found that more than 60% of the patients were between 50-80 years and there is a strong male predominance among patients with CAD. There were a strong association with Diabetes Mellitus, smoking, alcoholism and faulty food habits.The risk of coronary artery disease was increased according to drinking habits, as well. An increase in frequency and duration of drinking was found to be connected with a higher risk of developing coronary artery disease. Other risk factors can be affected by lifestyle changes also.
 |
Prevalence of CAD in each months |
Most coronary artery diseases are caused by improper eating. Poor diet and physical inactivity were found to be the most common risk factors for CAD. The role of diet and nutrition is influenced by a range of social, cultural, economic and physiological factors, including the available food supply and cost .From the diet history of the patients ,we have noticed that salt intake was high, fibre intake was too low, and an inadequate intake of fresh fruit and vegetables
 |
| Prevalence of CAD in association with DM in the month of October(n=255) |
Diabetes significally increases a person’s risk of cardiovascular events.The incidence of coronary heart disease was two times as high in diabetic men and three times as high in diabetic women.Most of the percentage shows they had diabetes.Many studies detail the evidence that cigarette smoking is a major cause of coronary heart disease, which leads to heart attack.the results shows that most of them were smokers and the frequency of smoking was also high.
FINAL IMPRESSION
The prevalence of CAD strongly connected with DM, alcoholism and smoking.
CORRECTIVE MEASURES UNDERTAKEN
-A diet sheet also given for the patients.
-The diet sheet contains a daily menu plan, foods to be avoided and included.
-Life style modification such as avoid smoking ,alcohol etc
-Mild Exercise which can be tolerated .
-Advice on diabetes under control through nutritional awareness.
